對不喜歡和小孩子相處的Norman來說,倘若身旁有隻跳來跳去的噪音播放機存在,
那實在是件非常令人惱火的事,單單想像就受不了;然而讓你想到”兒童”這件事,
其所產生的影響卻可能有著出乎意料之外的正面效果─
在一篇由9月號哈佛商業評論(Harvard Business Review)所刊登的構想觀察,
“玩偶是大人的規範?“中,北卡羅萊納大學的研究者Sreedhari Desai,
及其研究伙伴Francesca Gino便認為,若有能引起童年回憶的物品在附近,
例如泰迪熊玩偶、蠟筆,甚至真實的小孩子及托兒所等,
成人不但將較會做出”親社會(pro-social)行為”,企業的慈善作為也更為積極!
(以下內容引述自Adults Behave Better When Teddy Bears Are in the Room)
…..
…..In all our lab studies, we found that when subjects were near toys or engaged
in activities like watching cartoons, the number of cheaters dropped almost 20%.
In several studies we had participants play games in which they filled in missing letters
to complete words. Those who were primed with childhood cues were far more likely
to form “moral” words like “pure” and “virtue” than those who weren’t.
In addition, people behaved better in the presence of childhood cues even if
they weren’t feeling particularly happy…..
…..
…..We ran a regression analysis that controlled for firm-specific variables—size, age,
risk, business performance. And we controlled for population density,
because research has shown that people are somewhat meaner in very dense places.
Even after controlling for all this, the more day-care centers and kindergartens there were,
the more likely the company was to engage in charitable behavior…..
…..
…..Our hypothesis focuses on the idea of purity.
Child-related cues might unconsciously activate notions of goodness and drive us to
get to a pure state and not want to pollute it…..
…..
…..There’s mounting evidence. It’s been seen in primates.
Male Barbary macaques use their infants in this way, carrying them around to
encourage cooperative behaviors within the group, such as mutual grooming.
Neuroscience has shown that oxytocin is released when people are exposed to kids,
and oxytocin is associated with pro-social behavior…..
…..
…..One suggestion is to put day-care facilities on corporate campuses.
Not only would it make parents more relaxed about their kids,
but it might also have a positive influence on everyone’s behavior.
It could lead to a more ethical climate. And yes, perhaps pictures of children in cubicles would
encourage people to act better. Or maybe elevators should pipe in child-related music
rather than that dull easy-listening music. What if we used colored ink sometimes
or colorful fonts in messages? Would we act more ethically? I don’t know, but it’s possible…..
…..
對於”身邊有玩具、看卡通的成人其作弊行為下降”,
以及”企業總部方圓兩英哩內有5間托兒機構者慈善捐款較多”,
研究者傾向從物件造成的促發(Priming)效果,以及催產素的產生來解釋;
雖然對於在公司放兒童圖片、播與兒童有關的音樂能否讓企業更道德還未可知,
但倘若有效果存在,那麼傳出”児ポ所持禁止へ“18歳未満の猥褻画像や動画”の所持は罰金30万円“的京都府,
明顯是在扼殺自己人民多看兒童圖片、並產生親社會行為的機會哪…..
為了補救,京都府的官員們實在應該好好讀一讀這篇研究,
然後用滿滿的LO塞滿公共場所書報牆、以期激發當地道德風氣才是! XD